Do increased availability and reduced cost of early childhood care and education narrow social inequality gaps in utilization? Evidence from Norway

International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy

Table 3 Socioeconomic predictors of ECEC use: linear and non-linear specifications

Predictor	2002 to 2006 cohorts
	Average
	Associations
	OR	95% CI
Parent education - linear model
Years of education	1.09***	1.07 to 1.11
Parent education - non-linear model
0 to 12 years of education	.61***	.53 to .69
12.5 to 15 years of education	.82***	.77 to .88
Family income-to-needs ratio - linear model	1.07†	.99 to 1.16
Income-to-needs ratio	1.07†	.99 to 1.16
Family income-to-needs ratio - non-linear (semilog) model
Log income-to-needs ratio	1.50**	1.16 to 1.94
Family income-to-needs ratio - non-linear (quartile) model
1st to 25th percentile	.68***	.62 to .74
26th to 50th percentile	.88**	.81 to .94
51st to 75th percentile	.96	.89 to 1.03

These results were taken from models that included all covariates displayed in Table 1. ^† p < .10; *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.