Uptake of the child care expense deduction: exploring factors associated with the use of the child care expense deduction among families with a child under 12 years

Heidinger, Loanna; Findlay, Leanne C.; Guèvremont, Anne

doi:10.1186/s40723-020-00076-0

International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy

Table 3 Characteristics of families with at least one child less than 6 years old who did and did not claim the child care expense deduction

From: Uptake of the child care expense deduction: exploring factors associated with the use of the child care expense deduction among families with a child under 12 years

	Families with a child less than 6	Claimed child care expense deduction	Did not claim child care expense deduction	Chi square
N	2,223	559	1,664
Weighted N	1,778,769	428,814	1,349,954
Weighted percentage	100.00	24.11	75.89
Family demographics
Family composition				7.00*
Two-parent household	89.76	23.16	76.84
Lone-parent household	10.24	32.44	67.56
Highest education in household				28.75*
Bachelor’s degree or higher	48.07	29.67	70.33
Less than a Bachelor’s degree	51.93	19.01	80.99
Adjusted family income quartiles				12.88*
Lowest income quartile 1	18.56	12.98	87.02
Income quartile 2	29.03	21.31	78.69
Income quartile 3	23.42	29.79	70.21
Highest income quartile 4	28.98	28.43	71.57
Family Indigenous status				8.67*
Lone or at least one parent Indigenous	5.04	14.18^E	85.82
Lone or neither parent Indigenous	94.96	24.61	75.39
Family visible minority status				1.14
Lone or both parents visible minority	16.09	22.33	77.67
One parent visible minority, other parent non-visible minority	6.94	19.43^E	80.57
Lone or neither parent visible minority	76.97	24.86	75.14
Family immigrant status				0.33
Lone or both parents immigrants	18.81	22.35	77.65
One parent immigrant, one parent Canadian-born	11.34	23.78	76.22
Lone or both parents Canadian-born	69.85	24.66	75.34
Area of residence				5.69*
Urban	81.86	25.11	74.89
Rural	18.14	19.59	80.41
Region				5.18*
Atlantic	5.76	25.28	74.72
Quebec	23.48	32.46	67.54
Ontario	36.48	21.45	78.55
Prairie	20.11	20.21	79.79
British Columbia	14.16	22.15	77.85
Children in household
Total number of children				1.12
1		24.07	75.93
2		25.39	74.61
3+		21.55	78.45
Total number of children under 12				0.93
1		24.36	75.64
2		24.91	75.09
3+		21.23	78.77
Additional child 12-18 potential to supervise				0.70
Yes	8.01	21.53^E	78.47
No	91.99	24.33	75.67
Family work characteristics
Family work/in school				137.19*
Lone or both parents work/in school	74.22	29.99	70.01
At least one parent no work/in school	25.78	7.18^E	92.82
Family work schedule				77.66*
Lone or both parents standard work	41.46	34.67	65.33
One parent standard work, one parent non-standard work	30.15	24.98	75.02
At least one parent not working	28.39	7.80	92.20
Family work hours				81.71
Lone or both parents working 30+ hrs	49.04	35.02	64.98
Lone or one parent working <30 hrs, one parent <30 or 30+ hrs	19.84	23.85	76.15
At least one parent not working	31.12	7.80	92.20

Source: General Social Survey 2011 linked to T1FF
^E Use with caution
F Too unreliable to be published
XSupressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act
^*p<0.05
¹Indigenous Identity of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit also considered; however, sample
too small to report

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