Construct | Author one’s definition | Author two’s definition | Common elements | Mutually constructed definition | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cognitive regulation | Attention | The ability to maintain focus on a specific stimulus while ignoring extraneous stimuli | Paying attention, maintaining concentration, attending to relevant information/instructions, shifting attention | Maintaining focus/concentration on relevant information | The ability to pay attention, maintain, concentrate, and attend to relevant information |
Inhibitory control | The ability to stop a response | Inhibiting impulsive responses to achieve a goal | Stopping responses | “Inhibitory control is the ability to inhibit responses to irrelevant stimuli while pursuing a cognitively represented goal (Rothbart & Posner, 1985) | |
Working memory | The ability to manipulate information while holding it | Keeping track of multiple rules or pieces of information while carrying out a task | Holding information | The ability to keep track of information while carrying out a task | |
Cognitive flexibility | The ability to move between cognitive processes with ease | Being able to consider different strategies to accomplish a task or solve a problem-shifting “mental states” | Moving between | The ability to consider different strategies to accomplish a task or solve a problem |